Asphalt is one of the most widely used paving materials for driveways, parking lots, roads, etc. However, asphalt pavements can develop issues over time due to weathering, heavy traffic loads, and lack of maintenance. Understanding common asphalt problems and how to address them properly is important for keeping paved surfaces in good shape. Here are 8 issues paving contractors like West York Paving often encounter and tips for fixing each.
1. Ravelling
Ravelling occurs when the outer layer of asphalt begins to break down, and small pieces dislodge from the pavement surface. It starts as small particles pulling away but can progress to larger gravel and chunk loss if addressed. Ravelling is typically caused by age, high traffic volumes, and lack of proper sealing. To repair, all loose material must be removed before patching smaller areas or overlaying large, ravelled sections with fresh asphalt. Preventing ravelling involves yearly sealing coats to protect the surface.
2. Depressions
Pavement depressions, or low spots in the asphalt, usually form due to inadequate compaction during the initial paving process. While minor depressions can sometimes be patched, permanent repair requires removing failing material, re-compacting the base, and replacing the depression with a full-depth patch. Regular maintenance sealcoating helps prevent water from penetrating prematurely worn areas and hastening depressions.
3. Potholes
A common pavement enemy, potholes develop when cracks grow large enough for chunks of asphalt to break out. They pose a safety hazard and acceleration of further deterioration if left unrepaired. Potholes should be cut back to solid asphalt edges, filled level with patching asphalt, and compacted well. The temporary cold patch can suffice for roads until resurfacing; driveways may require digging out and full-depth replacement in severe cases.
4. Cracking
Asphalt cracks vary in pattern depending on their underlying cause. Alligator or fatigue cracking occurs from repeated traffic loads on structurally failing pavement. Longitudinal cracks run parallel to joints/edges, while block or map cracking appears in large grid sections unrelated to traffic. Properly addressing cracks involves identifying their type and extent before choosing crack sealing or more extensive repairs. Preventing premature cracking means using quality materials and installation techniques during initial paving projects.
5. Rutting
Rutting describes wheel path depressions that form in the wheel tracks due to consolidation over time. While mild rutting can be patched, severe cases require grinding down high spots and resurfacing with additional asphalt depth for structural reinforcement. Ensuring proper asphalt mix design, compaction, and loading restrictions post-paving helps prevent premature rut formation.
6. Patch and Utility Cut Failures
Previous pavement repairs or utility excavations that needed to be properly restored created weak areas susceptible to accelerated deterioration. Failures appear as depressions, cracking, or potholes radiating from patches or cut edges. The immediate fix involves re-removing all loose/failing material and replacing it with a level, properly compacted patch matching the surrounding pavement thickness. Long-term prevention relies on experienced contractors who follow best practices for cuts and patching projects.
7. Ride/Surface Distortions
Waviness, corrugations, shoving, and other distortions impacting the ride smoothness of pavement surfaces require addressing. Grinding may remedy shallow issues while milling 1-2 inches of asphalt and overlaying is necessary for more extensive road distortion corrections. Ensuring uniform compaction, proper mix/design properties, and avoiding overloading helps minimize surface disturbances from the start of paving jobs.
8. Water Damage
Standing water, subgrade drainage problems and soils susceptible to frost heaving can all accelerate pavement deterioration. Upheaval and frost boil popping asphalt outward are common sights. While temporary patching may suffice, severe issues demand undercut removal and stabilizing base repairs before permanent overlay replacement by an experienced commercial paving contractor. Proper site preparation, crown/slope, and subsurface drainage facilities prevent water damage from occurring.
In summary, asphalt pavement will experience issues over its life span. However, recognizing common distresses early allows less extensive spot repairs than deferred maintenance, leading to major reconstruction. Partnering with a reputable paving contractor ensures problems will be properly assessed and addressed through high-quality materials and techniques that return pavements to smooth-riding, long-lasting surfaces. With regular sealcoating and preventative maintenance, asphalt investments can provide years of durable service.
Choose the Best
In business for over 50 years, West York Paving has taken pride in offering comprehensive asphalt solutions. Whether you require a new commercial parking lot or repair work for existing infrastructure, experience the difference working with our professional team can make. Contact us today at 416-231-6394 to discuss your upcoming paving needs.